Translation Method
Translation Method Newmark (1988) mentions the difference between translation methods and translation procedures. He writes that, "While translation methods relate to whole texts, translation procedures are used for sentences and the smaller units of language" (p.81). He goes on to refer to the following methods of translation: 1. Word-for-word translation Word-for-word translation: in which the SL word order is preserved and the words translated singly by their most common meanings, out of context. This technique can be used if only the structure of SL and TL is same. For example, Charles kicked the ball, can be translated into Charles menendang bola . 2. Literal translation In which the SL grammatical constructions are converted to their nearest TL equivalents, but the lexical words are again translated singly, out of context. Literal translation can deal with the target language grammar, in other words literal translati...